With Mullins' classification of motivation, which categories are included?

• A. Economic, Intrinsic, Social
• B. Physiological, Safety, Esteem
• C. Economic, Intrinsic, External
• D. Economic, Social, Intrinsic.

Answer: (C)

Mullins groups motivation into three kinds of drivers: Economic rewards, Intrinsic motivation, and External factors. Economic rewards cover pay, bonuses, and other financial benefits that reward the person for work. Intrinsic motivation arises from the work itself—whether it’s interesting, challenging, gives a sense of achievement, or supports personal growth. External factors are things outside the core task that still influence motivation, such as supervision, working conditions, job security, and recognition from others. The combination that best captures Mullins’ view is Economic, Intrinsic, External, because it explicitly includes these three distinct sources of motivation.