Which of the following is NOT one of Porter's Five Forces?

• A. Bargaining power of suppliers
• B. Threat of new entrants
• C. Market growth rate
• D. Competitive rivalry within the industry

Answer: (C)

Porter's Five Forces focus on five sources of competitive pressure: bargaining power of suppliers, bargaining power of buyers, threat of new entrants, threat of substitutes, and competitive rivalry within the industry. Market growth rate is not one of these forces; it describes how fast the market is expanding and can influence profitability, but it isn’t a mechanism of competitive pressure itself. So the item that is not part of the model is market growth rate.